RELEVANSI KONSEP EKONOMI ISLAM KLASIK TERHADAP TANTANGAN EKONOMI GLOBAL MODERN

Abstract

The persistent structural failures of the contemporary global economic order manifested through widening wealth inequality, recurring financial crises, unsustainable debt accumulation, and the marginalization of ethical considerations in market behavior have prompted renewed scholarly interest in alternative economic paradigms. This study aims to critically examine the relevance of classical Islamic economic concepts, particularly the doctrines of riba prohibition, zakat, waqf, mudharabah, and maqasid al-shariah-based distributive justice, in addressing the foundational challenges confronting the modern global economy. Employing a qualitative library research methodology, this investigation systematically analyzes classical Islamic jurisprudential and economic texts alongside contemporary peer-reviewed scholarship on Islamic economics and global economic governance. The findings demonstrate that classical Islamic economic principles contain robust institutional and ethical frameworks that offer substantive and theologically grounded alternatives to the speculative, interest-based, and inequality-generating tendencies of modern capitalism. The study concludes that a critical and contextual reactualization of these classical concepts constitutes a viable intellectual contribution to the construction of a more just, sustainable, and humane global economic architecture.