The Permata Journal is an open access journal that provides direct, worldwide, barrier-free access to the full text of all published articles without access fees to their readers or institutions. Readers have the right to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full text of all articles in this Permata Journal. The Permata journal provides direct open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.